You decide to start a dog-walking service because you notice a number of trends that suggest a high demand for this type of service. You are trying to convince your brother to partner with you in this business, but one of his comments suggests that he doesn't understand the nature of a service.

Which of the following comments did your brother make?

a. Services are tied to the individuals who provide those services. Therefore, if a customer has a negative experience with the service provider, he or she may not return even if the service itself was impeccable.
b. Consumers who have a need that can only be satisfied by an intangible task are often willing to pay someone to perform that task. Marketers call this a service.
c. Standardized services are easier to provide than unstandardized services.
d. Perishability means that the unused service capacity from one time period cannot be stored for future use.